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Preface Low temperature superconductivity was discovered by H. Kammerlingh-Onnes in 1911, at the University of Leiden. He was awarded the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physics, partly for this discovery, i.e., that at low enough temperatures, certain metals become perfect conductors of electricity. In 1933, Meissner and Oschenfeld discovered that a superconductor (SC) is also a perfect diamagnet, i.e., that the magnetic field vanishes in the bulk of a SC. In 1957, J. Bardeen, L. N. Cooper and J. R. Schrie...
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Since the 1980s, a general theme in the study of high-temperature superconductors has been to test the BCS theory and its predictions against new data. At the same time, this process has engendered new physics, new materials, and new theoretical frameworks. Remarkable advances have occurred in sample quality and in single crystals, in hole and electron doping, in the development of sister compounds with lower transition temperatures, and in instruments to probe structure and dynamics. Handbook ... [weiter lesen] |
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Contents
Preface v
Acknowledgments ix
List of Contributors xxi
Credit Lines xxiii
1 From Singleto Bipolarons with Jahn-Teller Character and Metallic Cluster-Stripes i...
K. A. Müller
1.1 The Original Jahn-Teller Polaron Concept and Its Shortcomings 1
1.2 Recent Experiments Probing Delocalized Properties 2
1.3 Probing of Local Properties 4
1.4 The Intersite JT-Bipolaron Concept Derived from EXAFS, EPR, and Neutron Scatteri...
1.5 Two-Component Scenario 7
1.6 JT-Bipolarons as the Elementary Quasiparticles to Understand the Phase Diagram a...
1.7 Substantial Oxygen Isotope Effects 12
1.8 Concluding Remarks 17
Bibliography 17
2 Tunneling Measurements of the Cuprate Superconductors
J. R. Kirtley and F. Tafuri
2.1 Introduction 19
2.2 General Concepts 20
2.2.1 Types of Junction Structures 20
2.2.2 Generalized Junction Conductance 22
2.2.3 The Tunnel and Proximity Effects 22
2.2.4 Andreev Reflection and Bound States 25
2.2.5 The Josephson Effect: General Features 27
Andreev Reflection in SNS Junctions 28
2.3. Means of Preparing Tunnel Junctions 32
2.3.1. Junctions with Single Crystals 32
2.3.2. Grain Boundary Junctions 32
Bicrystal Junctions 32
Biepitaxial Junctions 33
Step-Edge Junctions 34
Electron Beam Junctions 34
2.3.3. Junctions with Artificial Barriers 35
Noble Metal Barriers 35
Perovskite and Layered Materials Barriers 36
2.3.4 Interface-Engineered Junctions 37
2.3.5 Junctions with HTS Rather than YBCO 37
La 1.85 Sr 0.15 CuO 4 -Based Trilayer with One-Unit-Cell-Thick Barrier 37
Electron Doped HTS 38
Ca and Co Doped YBCO: Insights into the Overdoped Regime 38
Ultra-Thin Films and Superlattices 38
Intrinsic Stacked Junctions 38
2.4 π -Rings and 0 - π -Junctions 39
2.5 Tunneling Spectroscopy 44
2.5.1. Superconducting Gap 44
General Features 44
Temperature Dependence 50
Momentum Dependence 53
Doping Dependence 57
Macroscopic Quantum Effects 59
2.5.2. Pseudogap 60
Temperature Dependence 60
Magnetic Field Dependence 62
2.5.3 Linear Conduction Background 64
2.5.4 Zero-Bias Anomalies 65
2.5.5 Atomically Resolved Conductivity Modulation Effects 69
2.5.6 Strong Coupling Effects 72
Electron-Phonon 73
Electron-Magnon 74
2.6. Conclusions 75
Bibliography 75
3 Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy on Electronic Structure and Electron-Pho...
X. J. Zhou, T. Cuk, T. Devereaux, N. Nagaosa, and Z.-X. Shen
3.1 Introduction 87
3.2 Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy 88
3.2.1 Principle 88
3.2.2 Technique 90
3.3. Electronic Structures of High Temperature Superconductors 95
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Index
Digit
16 O&18 O, 2, 13, 114, 216, 253
3 D XY model, 374-376, 378-380, 383-386
AA-15 compounds, 326, 359, 437-438, 446, 571
A 3 C 60 , 439, 468
acceptor, 330, 465
acoustic phonons, 12, 350
actinides, 458
activation energy, 11, 253
adiabatic demagnetization, 610
algebraic spin liquid (ASL), 551, 557, 559, 562
alloy, 484, 571
Aluminum (Al), 65, 158-159, 224, 266-267, 362-363, 430-431, 458
Andreev band, 31
Andreev bound state, 26
Andreev reflection, 8, 21, 23, 25-26, 28-29, 31, 59
Andreev scattering, 19, 58-59, 66
Andreev state, 29
angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), 2, 47, 51, 60, 71-72, 87-88, 90-92...
angular dependent magnetoresistance oscillations (AMRO), 409, 414, 420, 464
anion, 465-466, 468, 475-476, 478, 488
anisotropic superconductivity, 606, 608
anisotropy (resistivity), 11, 407, 399
anisotropy ratio, 154, 349, 383, 386
anomalies, 16, 65, 116, 301, 316, 340, 361, 363-365, 367-369, 376, 378-379, 382, 399
antibonding, 47, 96-97, 105, 118-119, 476, 509
antiferromagnet, 244, 248, 272, 287, 530, 564, 574
antiferromagnetic correlations, 44, 135, 257, 289, 504-505, 588
antiferromagnetic ordering, 106, 266, 361, 601
antiferromagnetism, 258, 264, 328, 403, 495-496, 522, 555, 588, 591, 597, 600, 602-60...
antinodal, 95, 106, 111, 118-120, 123-124, 129-135, 137-138, 414, 513, 515, 519, 533,...
apical oxygen, 95, 101, 136-137, 220, 328-329, 333-334, 338, 343, 528, 531
atomic force microscopy (AFM), 2, 332, 344, 403, 411, 420-421
Bbackward scattering, 155
bad metals, 326, 571, 583
BaKBiO, 571
band filling (1/2, 1/4), 465, 467, 76-80, 89
band structure, 45-46, 48-49, 69, 71, 89, 92, 96-98, 118, 122-124, 129, 153, 178, 223...
band theory, 125, 274, 276, 532
band-filling, 463, 467, 475-477, 489
Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS), 15, 45, 47-48, 50-52, 73, 87, 99, 118, 145, 152, 154...
Barium (Ba), 100, 251, 274, 346, 348, 353, 356-357, 361, 364, 367, 428, 430, 437, 447...
BEDT-TTF (ET), 464-469, 471-473, 475, 479-485, 489
Berezinski-Kosterlitz-Thouless model (BKT) 26, 48, 207
Beryllium (Be), 116-117, 430, 458
beta ( β)-NMR, 161
Bi-2201, 2-3, 70, 98, 112-113, 357
Bi-2212, 47-48, 50-54, 57-58, 60-63, 70-74, 328, 330, 334, 376-380, 412, 446, 452, 45...
Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+δ , 38-39, 43, 52, 56-58, 70, 92, 112, 114, 174, 181, 188-1...
bilayers, 23-25, 33, 38, 46, 92, 98, 118-119, 173, 188, 269, 274, 315
binary compounds, 427, 429-430, 437-438
binding energy, 2, 88, 94-95, 114-115, 117, 124-126, 129, 342, 530
bipartate lattice, 530
bipolaron model, 379
bipolarons, 1-2, 5, 7, 11-13, 17
BiSCCO, 39
bismutates, 3
Bismuth (Bi), 37, 57, 70, 325, 328-329, 334, 341, 344, 346, 363, 376, 412, 428, 430, ...
Boltzmann (transport), 317, 400, 407, 413-414, 418-419
bond length, 362, 454-455
bond-buckling, 122-124
bonds, 9, 137, 265, 271, 362, 409, 455, 464, 528, 534-536, 538, 553, 561, 579, 590
border (borderlines), 22, 152, 480, 597-608, 611
Born (approximation), 103, 125-127, 155-156, 194, 196-198, 327
Bose, 64, 107, 354, 372, 378-379, 395-396, 540, 546, 551, 558, 572, 581, 614
Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC), 372, 376, 378-379
bosonic, 2, 48, 75, 99, 116, 119, 134, 322, 379, 413, 418, 420, 546, 557-558, 575, 57...
bosons, 113, 116, 118, 379-380, 456, 538, 540-546, 549-551, 554, 558-559, 563-564, 57...
Bragg, 259, 261, 266-267, 272, 274, 280, 285, 287, 380
breathing modes, 122, 136
Brillouin zone, 2-3, 7, 95, 101, 111-112, 118-123, 130-131, 133, 135, 137, 153, 259, ...
Brout criterion, 373
CC 60 , 440-441, 571
Ca 2 CuO 2 Cl 2 , 124-128, 266, 533
carrier doping, 146
cation, 35, 152, 180, 191-192, 327, 335-336, 338, 428, 443, 466, 488
c-axis transport, 39, 177-178, 201, 407-409, 421
CeCoIn 5 , 611
CeCu 2 Ge 2 , 602-603
CeIn 3 , 601-602
cellular dynamical mean field theory, 607
CeNi 2 Ge 2 , 602
CePd 2 Si 2 , 600-602
CePt 3 Si, 608
CeRh 2 Si 2 , 600-601
CeRhIn 5 , 601-602
Cerium (Ce), 287-288, 346, 350, 352-355, 361, 373-374, 388-389, 428, 458, 600-602, 60...
CeS, 351, 353, 357, 379
charge density wave (CDW), 279, 338, 363, 367-372, 478, 570, 575-576, 578-582, 591
charge Kondo model, 330
charge localization, 276
charge order, 132, 135, 144, 250, 275-277, 279, 285, 290, 334, 348, 405, 421, 471, 47...
charge reservoir, 325, 328-331, 334, 341, 362, 571, 586-587
charge stripes, 274-276, 281, 290
charge transfer salt, 466
charge transfer, 97, 129, 136, 288, 325, 327, 333, 337-340, 342, 344, 401, 406-408, 4...
charge-Kondo model, 330
checkerboard, 277, 285
chemical potential, 8, 111, 126-131, 300, 316-317, 320-321, 330, 379, 513, 548, 560, ...
chemical pressure, 471, 473
chemical substitutions, 345, 351, 360, 590
chemical vapor deposition of diamond, 609
Chevrel materials, 485, 600
Chromium (Cr), 65, 264, 279, 362-364, 387-389
Clapeyron equation, 381, 384
clean limit, 28, 147, 178, 187, 300-301, 305, 315, 349
clusters, 1, 9, 11, 17, 274, 288, 329, 341, 495-496, 503, 507-509, 516, 530-531, 557,...
Cobalt (Co), 38, 362-363, 477-479, 489, 601
coexistence, 11, 17, 21, 52, 61, 67, 75, 129, 274, 277, 288, 320-321, 327, 340, 368-3...
coherence length, 9, 12, 21, 24-25, 28, 35, 37, 62, 69, 145-146, 151, 160, 202-203, 3...
coherence peak, 72, 74, 155, 180-181, 239, 533
coherent c-axis transport, 408-409, 421
coherent hopping, 177, 409
collective excitations, 98, 112, 598
collective modes, 199, 312-314, 321, 584
commensurate effects, 245, 259-260, 273-274, 286-287, 328, 478, 485
competing order (phases, states), 19-20, 62, 151, 274, 280, 285, 353, 564, 570, 591
condensate, 58, 147, 149, 300-302, 307, 312, 314-319, 559, 600
conductance, 19, 22-24, 26-27, 35, 45-47, 49-50, 52-53, 61, 64-67, 70-72, 74-75, 315,...
conduction band, 128, 362, 433, 436-437, 439, 441
conductivity tensor, 146-147, 157
confinement, 178, 357, 408, 418, 540-543, 551, 558, 564, 574, 590
conventional superconductors, 7, 19-20, 42, 44, 53, 56, 63, 71-73, 87, 99, 116, 152, ...
Cooper pairs, 19, 20, 25, 29, 87, 99, 135, 202, 379, 456, 481, 597, 600, 607-608, 611
Copper (Cu), 1-2, 4-5, 13-14, 34-35, 55, 57, 68, 70-72, 95-97, 100-101, 104-105, 122-...
correlation length, 151, 230-231, 234, 244, 271-272, 274, 285-287, 504
Coulomb frustrated phase, 569-570, 583-584
Coulomb interactions, 65, 98, 136-137, 583
Coulomb pseudopotential, 19, 72-73
Coulomb repulsion, 8, 12, 96-97, 137, 267, 277, 330, 406, 431-432, 473, 476, 536, 572
coupling constants, 5, 6, 8, 98, 103, 106, 109, 110, 127, 221, 244, 404, 542-543, 557...
coupling parameters, 431-432, 469, 607
critical exponents, 203, 205-206
critical pressure, 472, 599-600
crystal field, 95-96, 123, 253, 327
CuO chains, 55, 70, 72, 146, 167, 172-173, 180, 191, 197-198, 216, 261-262, 266, 268,...
CuO planes, 34, 188, 216, 571, 586-587, 590-591
CuO 2 layers, 101, 178, 191, 207, 257, 266, 268, 277, 325, 327-342, 452
CuO 2 plane, 1, 4-6, 35, 71, 95-97, 101, 122, 154, 199, 258-259, 270, 276-277, 288, 4...
CuO 2 planes, 35, 38, 57, 95, 97, 101, 103, 118, 151, 167, 177, 185, 192, 216, 224, 2...
cuprate superconductors, 1, 11, 17-20, 38-39, 42-43, 45, 50-51, 58, 64, 67, 69, 71-74...
Curie (term, temperature), 363, 372, 598-599, 604
DDebye temperature, 350, 403, 431, 437, 469
degeneracy, 6, 103, 107, 330, 535, 547
d-electrons, 430
delocalization, 2, 194, 478, 531, 575
demagnetization, 175, 221, 610
density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) approach, 495-496, 503, 510-511, 579
density mediated superconductivity, 601
density of states (DOS), 19-20, 23-24, 26, 45-46, 51, 60-61, 64, 70-73, 75, 109-110, ...
density wave, 338, 463, 471-472, 478, 570, 572, 591
de-pinning, 385-386, 468
deuteration, 475
diagonal stripe order, 274-275
diamagnetic susceptibility, 544
diamond anvil cell, 609
dichotomy (doping), 106, 115, 546
dichotomy (nodal), 130-134,
diffraction, 3, 91, 157, 215, 245, 257, 264-267, 275, 277, 279, 285, 287, 333, 361, 4...
diffuse scattering, 5, 272, 274
diffusion, 24, 65, 336, 449
dimensionless coupling constant, 103, 106
dimer, 478, 480, 534, 557, 561, 579
dimerization, 467, 476, 478-479
dirty limit, 24, 28, 147
disorder, 22, 28, 36, 72, 106, 147, 151-152, 171, 180, 185, 189, 192, 199, 206, 273, ...
dispersion, 2-3, 29, 31, 44, 50, 71-72, 87, 89, 94-95, 101, 104-107, 109-116, 118-120...
distortion, 8, 17, 110-111, 253, 266, 362, 528
donor, 465-467, 469, 475-476, 480, 484, 489
doped Mott insulator, 151, 527, 541, 546, 564
double chain cuprates, 334, 337
double chain, 334-339, 341, 409
double resonance, 220, 242, 245-246
Drude behavior, 147, 154-156, 160, 166-167, 182-184, 196-199, 299-304, 307-310, 312-3...
d-wave character, 523, 588
d-wave order parameter, 22, 34, 37, 87, 177, 356-357, 359, 507
d-wave superconductivity, 39, 51, 173, 325, 339, 421, 527-528, 540, 607
d-wave symmetry, 26, 60, 99, 135, 176, 289, 340, 402, 418, 481, 483, 487
dx 2-y 2 symmetry, 19-20, 22, 42-44, 46-47, 49-50, 53-60, 63, 66-67, 69-71, 75, 96, 1...
dxy symmetry, 479-480
DyBaCu 3 O 6+x (DyBCO), 373-376
dynamic inhomogeneity, 569
dynamic susceptibility, 270, 278
dynamical coexistence, 17
dynamical mean field theory, 495, 607
Dysprosium (Dy), 361, 580
Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya (DM), 253, 265, 271
Eeffective dimensionality, 597
effective mass, 1, 105, 111, 116, 147, 358, 401, 475, 583
effective volume, 158-159
Einstein modes, 107-109
elastic constants, 454
electrical transport, 152, 154-155, 399, 433, 417, 457
electrodynamics, 145-147, 151, 162, 166-167, 171, 178, 209, 543
electron correlations, 100, 102, 151, 155, 404, 408, 458, 421, 490
electron density of states (EDOS), 350, 356-357, 365-367, 369-372, 377, 379, 386-387,...
electron doped systems, 2, 32, 38, 43, 61, 68, 175, 530
electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), 1, 4-6, 9-14, 17, 252-253, 330
electron spin resonance (ESR), 161, 204, 215-216, 250, 252
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