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Gabrijela Kocjan
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology
Diagnostic Principles and Dilemmas
erschienen Dezember 2005
239 Seiten, 3 schw.-w. u. 509 farb. Abb., 2 Tab., Gebunden
Springer-Verlag GmbH & Co. KG | ISBN: 3540256393
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| VORWORT | öffnen |
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PrefaceThe urge to write this book arose after years of storing glass slides from difficult cases into plastic folders where they have been breaking and fading. When discussing these cases at the weekly teaching for trainee pathologists, some of the observations that arose, made it obvious that experience cannot compensate for methodical approach, careful observation, clinical information and honest conclusion. Hence in writing this book, I had two major aims: firstly, to reiterate the importanc...
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| KLAPPENTEXT | öffnen |
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Histopathologists all over the world have to report cytopathology during the course of their work and it is then that they find themselves facing diagnostic dilemmas. This practical, well illustrated book, explicitly dedicated to this readership will serve their needs and meets their requirements in daily practice. ISBN 3-540-25639-3 [weiter lesen] |
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| AUTOR | öffnen |
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Dr. Gabrijela Kocjan University College London Medical School Dept. of Histopathology Rockefeller Building WC1E 6JJ London United Kongdom [weiter lesen] |
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| INHALTSVERZEICHNIS | öffnen |
Contents
PrefaceVII
ContentsIX
Introduction and Historical Perspective 1
References 3
FNAC Technique and Slide Preparation 7
2.1 Informed Consent 7
2.2 Location of the FNAC Procedure 8
2.2.1 The FNAC Clinic 9
2.2.2 Inpatient FNAC 12
2.2.3 Image-Guided and Other FNAC Procedure Locations 12
2.3 The Importance of the Aspirator 14
2.4 Aspiration Techniques 15
2.4.1 Suction FNAC 15
2.4.2 The Capillary Method 16
2.5 Slide Preparation 17
2.5.1 Conventional Preparations 17
2.5.2 Liquid-Based Preparations 18
2.5.3 Cell Block 18
2.6 Fixation Techniques 19
2.6.1 Air Drying 19
2.6.2.Alcohol Fixation 20
2.6.3 Transport Medium 20
2.7 Staining Methods 20
2.7.1 Papanicolaou Staining 20
2.7.2 Romanowsky Staining 22
2.7.3 Other Stains 23
2.8 Ancillary Techniques 23
2.8.1 Cytochemistry 23
2.8.2 Immunocytochemistry 24
2.8.3 Molecular Markers in Cytology 26
2.9 Safety 27
References 28
Diagnostic interpretation of FNAC material 35
3.1 Slide Background 35
3.1.1 Cystic Background 39
3.1.2 Inflammatory Background 40
3.1.3 Necrotic Background 42
3.1.4 Myxoid and Mucinous Background 42
3.1.5 Lymphoid Background 43
3.1.6 Other Background Features 43
3.2 Cell Arrangement 44
3.2.1 Clusters 46
3.2.2 Sheets 46
3.2.3 Single Cells 47
3.2.4 Papillary Arrangement 47
3.2.5 Other Features 48
3.3 Cellular Features: the Nucleus 49
3.3.1 Nuclear Size 50
3.3.2 Nuclear Shape 51
3.3.3 Position of the Nucleus 52
3.3.4 Chromatin Pattern 53
3.3.5 Number of Nuclei 54
3.3.6 Nucleoli 54
3.3.7 Mitoses 55
3.4 Cellular Features: Cytoplasm 55
3.4.1 Relative Amount 55
3.4.2 Quality and Contents 55
3.4.3 Shape and Definition 56
3.5 Criteria of Malignancy 57
3.6 Cytology Report 57
References 58
Diagnostic Dilemmas in FNAC Practice: Cystic Lesions 59
4.1 Cysts in the Neck 59
4.1.1 Thyroglossal Duct Carcinoma 60
4.1.2 Branchial Cleft Cysts 61
4.1.3 Salivary Gland Lesions 62
4.1.4 Lymphoepithelial Cysts 63
4.1.5 Cystadenolymphoma 64
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| REGISTER | öffnen |
Subject Index
Italic entries refer to images.
Aabdomen 73, 160
accuracy 13, 152, 207, 218, 226, 227, 228
adequacy 233
adrenal cystic lesions 78
adrenal gland 78
air drying 19, 50, 119, 133, 144, 158, 183, 201
alcohol-fixed preparations 20, 133, 155
ancillary techniques 23, 26, 27, 105, 125, 134, 136, 142, 145, 146, 152
arm 164
aspiration techniques 15
aspirator 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 28, 182, 219, 226, 229
axilla 118, 192
Bbackground 21, 22, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 84, 109, 119, 136, 137, 1...
bile ducts 12
bone 134, 155
breast 11, 21, 26, 27, 36, 37, 38, 40, 44, 46, 47, 48, 56, 81, 82, 91, 96, 99, 106, 1...
breast 11, 107, 122, 181, 193, 204, 205, 206, 220, 225, 231, 232, 234
- apocrine changes 186, 193, 194
- fibroadenoma 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 191, 195, 198, 203, 204, 205, ...
- in situ carcinoma 198, 199
- invasive 199, 200, 201
- invasive carcinoma 186, 193, 198, 201
- lobular carcinoma 196, 233
- mucinous lesions 195
- papillary lesions 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 207, 226
- radiation changes 207
- rare lesions 202
Ccarcinomas 187, 188, 190
cell arrangement 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 133, 134, 137, 195, 196, 202, 206
cell block 18, 78, 191, 227
cerebrospinal fluid 23
cervical 20
chest wall 177
clinical management (see management) 107
CNS 37, 83
complications 13, 14, 17, 80, 233
core biopsy (CB) 202, 207, 225, 226, 227
- abdominal 227
- breast 225, 226
CB vs. FNAC 207
- gynaecology 228
- hepatic 227
- lung 227
- prostate 228
- skeletal 228
- soft-tissue 228
- thyroid 228
cost 11, 220, 226
cystic 129
- background 39
change 62, 185, 198
- lesions 17, 59, 62, 69, 80, 122, 195, 205
- lesions of the liver 77
- lesions of the peritoneum 79
cystic 17
cystic lesions 217
- abdomen 73
- breast cysts 80
- head and neck 59, 60, 62
- lesions of the pancreas 73
- other cysts 82
- thoracic cysts 79
cysts 193, 215
cytoplasm 20, 21, 22, 69, 109, 110, 124, 133, 134, 137, 139, 140, 142, 144, 171, 172,...
Ddesmoplastic small round cell
- tumour 143
diagnostic
- challenge 133
- principles 35
diagnostic interpretation 35
- criteria of malignancy 57
- cytology report 57, 58
- cytoplasm 53, 55, 56, 57
- nucleus 47, 49, 50, 52, 53, 54, 55
- slide background 35, 36
Diff-Quik 21, 22
dilemmas 81, 91, 99, 117, 156, 182, 188, 203
DNA amplification 27
DNA cytometry 26
duodenum 12
EES/PNET 134
EUS-FNAC 13, 40, 217
experience 13, 14
Ffalse negative diagnosis 19, 21, 66, 84, 232, 233, 234 false positive diagnosis 19, ...
FNAC 12, 126, 219
FNAC and core biopsy 108
FNAC clinic 9, 11, 28, 220
FNAC lymph node 139, 140
FNAC ovary 84, 85
FNAC skin 83
FNAC technique 7
- conventional preparations 17, 19
- cytochemistry 23
fixation techniques 19
- inpatient FNAC 12
- location of the FNAC 8
- other stains 23
- Romanowsky staining 22
- slide preparation 7, 13, 17
- staining methods 20
- suction FNAC 15
- the capillary method 16
- transport medium 20 forearm 163
Ggene microarray analysis 26
general principles 117
gomori 24
granuloma 99, 156
granulomatous lymphadenitis 92
Hhaematoxylin and eosin 23
hand 159
head and neck 24, 41, 42, 60, 61, 62, 63, 69, 73, 109, 120, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, ...
health and safety guidelines 28
histochemistry 233
HIV 24, 28, 42, 63, 71, 219
hypopharynx 12
Iimage guided FNAC 12
imaging 99
immunocytochemistry 24, 104, 120, 124, 125, 136, 137, 141, 143, 144, 146, 147, 165, 1...
immunohistochemistry 227
informed consent 7, 8
inguinum 138
Jjugulodigastric node 154
Kkidney 23, 78, 79
kidney 217
knee 164
Lliquid-based cytology (LBC) 13, 18
liquid-based preparations 18
liver 77, 78
lung 12, 13, 19, 25, 50, 52, 53, 55, 57, 99, 124, 125, 144
lymph node 24, 25, 27, 36, 39, 41, 43, 45, 46, 53, 54, 70, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98, 10...
lymphoid infiltrates 80, 91, 102, 105, 109
- extranodal sites 99
- granulomatous infiltrates 91
lymphoma 108
- solid neoplasms 109
lymphoma 27, 64
lymphoproliferative diseases 27, 103, 206
Mmanagement 50, 117, 124, 129, 140, 172, 190, 198, 214, 217, 218, 219, 220, 232
- adrenal and kidney 217
- bone 218
- breast 214
- cost-effectiveness 219, 220
- diagnostic accuracy 217, 219
- gastrointestinal tract 217
- gynaecology 219
- head and neck conditions 216
- HIV-related lesions 219
- lymph nodes 216
- soft-tissue 218
- thyroid 215, 220
- transrectal 219
May Grünwald Giemsa (MGG) 22, 23, 206
mediastinum 12, 79, 80, 98, 110, 125, 127
medicolegal issues 231
meningioma 123
metastasis 38
metastatic 65, 136, 137, 138, 147, 152, 161, 170, 172, 192, 214, 216, 217, 218, 227
metastatic tumours 22, 23, 27, 47, 117, 134, 141, 142, 143, 204, 215, 218
- carcinoma 118, 228, 229
metastases of non-epithelial tumours 129
methenamine silver (Grocott) 23
- staining 24
misleading 202
missed cases 232
mitoses 165
molecular markers in cytology 26
molecular studies 136, 233
mucinous 185
- carcinoma 187
multi-disciplinary team 229
myofibrosarcoma 157
Nnucleus 20, 21, 22, 23, 69, 109, 110, 134, 137, 144, 146, 155, 162, 165, 170, 172, 1...
Ooperation scar 119
operation site 97, 167
oral cavity 39, 41, 72
orbit 91
ovarian cysts 83
ovary 36, 43, 46, 56, 79, 83, 84, 85
Ppancreas 12, 41, 43, 45, 51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77
Papanicolaou (Pap) stain 20, 21, 22, 23, 28, 156, 185
papillary carcinoma 185
paraspinal mass 136
parathyroid 71
parotid gland 21, 92, 106
PAS 23
PAS-d 23, 37
PAS distase 23
PCR 26
pelvic mass 159
periodic acid-Schiff 23
perls 23
pitfall 22, 183, 185, 188, 190, 204, 206
preparations 19, 35
Rreal-time PCR 27
rectum 12
renal 217
renal cystic lesions 78
report 28, 58
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