DeutschesFachbuch.de : Elementary Physics of Complex Plasmas Von V. N. Tsytovich, G. E. Morfill, Sergey V. Vladimirov, H. M. Thomas

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Contents
1 Complex Plasma - Why It Is an Unusual State of Matter?1
1.1 General Physical Differences Between Complex Plasma and Ordinary Matter 1
1.2 General Terminology in Complex Plasma and Ordinary Matter 3
1.3 History: Complex Plasmas in Space Physics 4
1.4 Problems of Strong Coupling in Plasmas 6
1.4.1 Phase Space for Strong Coupling in Ordinary Plasmas 6
1.4.2 Physics and Consequences of Large Grain Charges 9
1.4.3 Physics and Consequences of Dust Charge Screening 11
1.4.4 Phase Space for Strong Coupling in Complex Plasmas 14
1.5 Openness of Complex Plasma Systems and Long-range Collective Interactions...
1.5.1 Variability of Grain Charges 16
1.5.2 Openness of Complex Plasma Systems 18
1.5.3 Long-range Unscreened Grain Interactions 22
1.6 Plasma Condensation 23
1.6.1 First Observations of Plasma Condensation 23
1.6.2 Grain Interactions 26
1.7 Special Aspects of Complex Plasma Investigations 27
1.7.1 Kinetic Level for Dust Investigation in Experiments 27
1.7.2 Obstacles in Complex Plasmas 30
1.7.3 Interactions of Grain Clouds and Fast Grains with Plasma Crystals 32
1.8 Structures and Self-organization in Complex Plasmas 36
1.8.1 Observations of Structures in Complex Plasmas 36
1.8.2 Self-organization in Complex Plasmas 39
1.9 Outlook of the Subsequent Presentation 41
References 42
2 Why Complex Plasmas Have Many Applications in Future Technology?47
2.1 Main Discoveries in Applications of Complex Plasmas 47
2.2 Computer Technology 48
2.2.1 Simple Principles Used in Computer Technology 48
2.2.2 Investigation of Dust Clouds in Etching Devices 49
2.3 First Steps to Using Complex Plasma Properties in Computer Industry 52
2.3.1 New Laboratory Experiments in Complex Plasmas Inspired by Computer Tec...
2.4 New Surfaces, New Materials 54
2.4.1 New Surfaces 54
2.4.2 New Materials 55
2.4.3 New Magnetic Materials 56
2.5 New Energy Production 57
2.5.1 Necessity of New Energy Sources 57
2.5.2 Controlled Fusion Devices 58
2.5.3 Table Size Fusion and Neutron Sources 61
2.5.4 Solar Cells 62
2.6 Environmental Problems 62
2.6.1 Dust is Found Everywhere 62
2.6.2 Global Warming 63
2.6.3 Noctilucent Clouds 63
2.6.4 The Ozone Layer 64
2.6.5 Industrial Emissions and Car Exhausts 64
References 65
3 Elementary Processes in Complex Plasmas 67
3.1 Screening of Grain Field in a Plasma 67
3.1.1 Elementary Estimates 67
3.1.2 Linear Debye Screening 69
3.1.3 Non-linear Screening 71
3.1.4 Problems to Solve in Grain Screening 79
3.2 Charging of Grains in Partially Ionized Plasma 86
3.2.1 Introductory Remarks 86
3.2.2 Equation for Micro-particle Charging 86
3.2.3 Orbital Motion Limited Model 88
3.2.4 Extensions of OML Approach 93
3.2.5 Role of Potential Barriers in Non-linear Screening for Grain Charging ...
3.2.6 Radial Drift Limited Model 106
3.2.7 Diffusion Limited Model 109
3.2.8 Problems for Modeling of Grain Charging 110
3.3 Forces Acting on Ions 114
3.3.1 Absorption of Ions on Grains. The Charging Coefficient 114
3.3.2 Friction of Ions in Gas of Grains. The Drag Coefficient 117
3.3.3 Other Forces Acting on Ions 122
3.4 Forces Acting on Grains 124
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Index
Aagglomerates of dust grains: found in etching devices, 51
agglomerates of grains: fractal shape, 54
agglomeration of grains, 25, 212, 213, 322
anisotropic screening, 259
applicability criterion: for OML
approach, 90
attachment coefficient, 210
attraction forces between grains, 26, 223, 314
attraction of grains, 86, 247
attraction potential well, 231
Bbasic state of complex plasmas, 141
basic state: equations, 146
basic state: of complex plasmas, 144, 158
binary correlation function, 263
Bohm criterion, 247
Boltzmann distribution, 69, 71
boundary free 2 D clusters, 326
boundary free clusters, 320, 321, 329
boundary free: dust surface, 351
boundary free: dust void, 339
Cchange of grain charges with inter-grain distance, 201
charge fluctuations, 191, 192
charge fluctuations: induced by dust, 193
charge fluctuations: non-collective, 189
charge-exchange collisions, 81
charging coefficient, 114
charging damping, 154
charging frequency, 91, 142
charging length, 93
charging of grains, 67, 72
charging time, 68, 98, 115
charging: by super-thermal particles, 98
charging: diffusion limited model, 109
charging: in strong magnetic field, 99
charging:radial drift model, 106
cluster shell, 313
cluster size, 308, 315
cluster: equilibrium size, 321
clusters stability, 308
clusters: energy for ionization and dissociation, 324
clusters: global modes, 315
clusters: three dimensional, 328
clusters: two dimensional, 305, 314
clusters:self-confinement, 313
coefficient: of collective attraction, 221
collective attraction, 157, 217, 221, 267
collective attraction: for linear screening, 215, 281
collective attraction: for non-linear screening, 227
collective attraction: in magnetic field, 225
collective attraction: of grains, 361
collective effects, 198, 203
collective effects in screening, 85
collective fluxes, 216
collective interactions, 26, 189, 197
collective modes, 141, 165, 169
collective modes: excited by fast grains, 165
collective modes: in external magnetic field, 184
collective non-linear attraction, 216
collective pair interactions, 2, 199
collective plasma flux, 21
collective screening factor, 221
collisions of grains, 238
complex plasma physics: used in etching industry, 52
complex plasma self-organization, 36
complex plasmas: as open system, 18
complex plasmas: dissipation processes, 31
complex plasmas: highly dissipative, 1
complex plasmas: liquid states in magnetic field, 57
complex plasmas: new magnetic materials, 56
complex plasmas: new principles used
computer technology, 48
complex plasmas: new surfaces production, 54
complex plasmas: non Hamiltonian system., 17
complex plasmas: related environmental problems, 62
complex plasmas: self -energy, 2
complex plasmas: selforganization, 2 complex plasmas: thermodynamically open, 1
complex plasmas:main differences with ordinary matter, 1 contamination by dust: colle...
continuity equation, 116, 123
correlation function, 187, 329
Coulomb clusters, 306
Coulomb energy, 201
coupling constant, 8, 248, 271, 278, 283
coupling constant: between fluxes and polarization charges, 220
coupling constant: dependence on Havnes parameter, 10
coupling constant: for non-linear screening, 13
coupling constant:for linear screening, 12
creation damping, 182
criterion for collective interactions, 199
criterion for domination of dust-plasma particle collisions, 202
criterion for non-linear interaction, 203
criterion for non-linearity in screening, 72
critical coupling constant, 253, 306
critical length, 285
critical length: for collective interactions, 261
critical magnetic field, 99, 226
critical number: for grains in clusters, 311
critical size: for collective interactions, 250
critical wave number: for instability, 153, 157, 159
cross-sections of charging for OML approach, 88
crystal defects, 268
crystal dislocations, 270
crystal melting, 270, 273
crystal structures: coexistence, 259
crystallization: front, 28
crystallizatiomkinetic level of observations, 27
current on grain surface, 68
Ddamping Landau: of dust ion-sound waves, 171
damping of dust ion-sound waves, 150
Debye length, 69, 254, 329
Debye potential, 70
Debye screening, 310
defect migration, 271
definitions: of crystals and clusters, 197
dielectric permittivity, 148
disordered state, 27, 273
dispersion relation: for dust acoustic waves, 150
dispersion relation: for dust ion-sound waves, 149
dispersion relation: for mono-layer dust lattice waves, 294
drag coefficient, 117, 118, 208
drag coefficient for electrons friction on grains, 133
drag coefficient: collective, 233
drag coefficient: general non-linearity, 121
drag coefficient: linear, 118
drag coefficient: non-linear, 119
drag force, 124
drag force: in the sheath, 291
dust plasma particle absorption, 199
dust acoustic waves, 142
dust bending waves, 301
dust boundaries, sharp, 127
dust bubbles, 36
dust charge: virtual, 338
dust clouds : in etching devices, 49
dust clouds: in computer technology, 49
dust clumps, 37
dust cluster: observations, 306
dust clusters: global modes, 308
dust convection, 355
dust convection instability, 348
dust convection: induced by external probe, 356
dust formation: in fusion devices, 59
dust helical structures, 334
dust helical structures: winding, 336
dust in fusion devices, 58
dust in noctilucent clouds, 63
dust in planetary rings, 62
dust ion-acoustic waves, 142
dust lattice solitons, 297
dust lattice waves, 143, 294
dust plasma frequency, 152, 257
dust self-organized structures: between the walls, 353
dust shear waves, 143, 302
dust sheath: collision-dominated, 353
dust structures: cylindrical, 354
dust structures: global modes, 348
dust structures: hybrid, 357
dust structures: list of numerically investigated structures, 340
dust structures: observed onboard the ISS, 344
dust structures: sharp boundaries, 343
dust structures: spherical, 342, 354
dust structures: with two grain sizes, 354
dust surface temperature, 211
dust temperature: during plasma condensation, 275
dust void sheaths, 349
dust void size, 347
dust void: surface structure, 339
dust voids, 36, 127
dust voids: critical ionization level, 345
dust voids:virtual, 340
dust vortices, 53
dust vortices: toroidal, 356
dust wall sheaths: collision less, 350
dust-neutral collisions, 128, 308
dust: and thunderstorms, 63
dust: in industrial exhausts, 64
dust: role in global warming, 63
Eelectron-neutral collisions, 202
electrostatic collective gravitation like instability, 143
electrostatic collective gravitation-like instability, 164
electrostatic gravitation like instability, 163
electrostatic gravitation-like instability, 143
electrostatic gravit ation-like noncollective instability, 163
electrostatic non-collective gravitationlike instability, 159
electrostatic two grain energy, 200
equation for charging, 91
equation for grain charging, 86
equilibrium grain distributions: in clusters, 317
excitation of Mach cones, 303
experiment: onboard the ISS, 359
experiments on grain collisions, 236
experiments: for clusters, 315, 326
experiments: kinetic level of observations, 27
experiments: on mono-layer dust lattice waves, 295
experiments: onboard the ISS, 38
experiments: under micro-gravity, 359
external sources of ionization, 145
Ffast grain: interaction with plasma crystals, 32 finite size of grains, 218 finite s...
flow and floe phase, 277
flow behind obstacle, 31
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