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Preface Corruption is a major problem in the present, global world. Earlier, it was mostly seen as a shortcoming of so-called "third world" countries. From a Western perspective, corruption is generally condemned and the elites of "developing" countries are frequently accused of thriving on the riches that they illegally snatch from their societies, the poorest section included. Yet moral absolutism is inappropriate. Recent developments, relating for instance to the German company Siemens, made ...
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Corruption, a major problem in the present, global world, is a very complex phenomenon. It has economic, political and ethical aspects and is simultaneously a global and a local issue. This anthropological study shows how actors in Indian society are entangled in hierarchical relations of social, economic and political inequality that breed corruption, yet also how resistance against corruption takes place in local context. By exposing the complexity of corruption and also by questioning a... [weiter lesen] |
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| AUTOR | öffnen |
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M.A. Mira Fels studied Social and Cultural Anthropology, Religious Studies, Environmental Protection and Journalism at the University of Hamburg. She is currently pursuing her Ph.D. about Corporate Social Responsibility. [weiter lesen] |
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| INHALTSVERZEICHNIS | öffnen |
I. Talking About Corruption: Introduction
1. Outline & Literature Review 2
2 . Global Consensus on Corruption? 3
2.1. The End of the Cold War 4
2.2. The Rise of Democracy 5
2.3. Economic Globalisation 5
2.4. Washington Consensus on Corruption 6
2.5. Engineering Corruption 7
2.6. Different Strategies Against Corruption 8
3. The Politics of Defining Corruption 9
4. Approaches to the Study of Corruption 12
4.1. Socio-Cultural Explanations 12
4.2. Economic Considerations 14
4.3. Legalistic & Political Approaches 16
4.4. Why an Anthropology of Corruption 18
II. Setting: The Indian State 20
1. Ideas of India 20
1.1. Social & Economic Development 20
1.2. Politics - Democracy in Diversity 20
2. Performance of Democracy 21
3. Performance of Economic Development 23
3.1. Industry & Protectionism 24
3.2. Peasants & Land Redistribution 25
3.3. Economic Populism & Liberalisation 26
3.4. Access to Natural Resources 28
3.5. Livelihoods in the Unregistered Sector 29
4. Welfare State? - Selected Public Services 29
4.1. Educational Facilities 30
4.2. Health Care 32
4.3. Development Programmes 33
4.4. Conclusion: The State of Public Services 34
III. Making Sense of Corruption in India 35
1. Marginalised Citizens & Resistance 36
1.1. Citizens & Corruption 36
1.1.a. Public Services in Uttar Pradesh 36
1.1.b. A Villager's Access to Development 41
1.1.c. A Social Movement in Rajasthan 43
1.2. Citizens & Corruption: Findings 47
1.2.a. Public Services for Whom? 48
1.2.b. Who has to Bribe? 50
1.2.c. Political Reasons 50
1.2.d. Information & Empowerment 51
1.2.e. How Citizens Handle Public Services 54
1.2.f. Officials' and Politicians' Reactions 55
1.2.g. Attitudes Towards the State 56
1.2.h. Citizens Making Sense of Corruption 58
2. The Bureaucracy 59
2.1. Introduction to the Indian Bureaucracy 59
2.2. Bureaucrats & Corruption 62
2.2.a. How two Land Agents Collect Bribes 62
2.2.b. Inspecting a Development Scheme 65
2.2.c. Corruption in Canal Irrigation 68
2.3. Bureaucrats & Corruption: Findings 75
2.3.a. Prices, Performance & Insecurity 76
2.3.b. Procedural Power & Hierarchy 78
2.3.c. Transfers 80
2.3.d. Good Governance vs. Scarcity 82
2.3.e Costs of Corruption 86
2.3.f. Political Pressures & Consumerism 86
2.3.g. Morality & Reforms 89
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